Ulun Danu Batur Temple
Ulun Danu Batur Temple
A grand highland temple dedicated to the water goddess Dewi Danu. The spiritual core for fertility and water irrigation.
Ulun Danu Batur Temple is one of Bali's most important temples, dedicated to the goddess Dewi Danu, who presides over the sacred Lake Batur and its source, Mount Batur. 'Pura Ulun Danu' means 'Temple at the Head of the Lake,' and it serves as the principal temple for the entire island's 'Subak' irrigation system, drawing deep reverence from farmers across Bali. Originally built in the 17th century at the foot of Mount Batur by the lakeshore, the temple complex and village were devastated by a massive eruption in 1926. Miraculously, the main 11-tiered Meru (multi-roofed shrine) survived unharmed. Villagers painstakingly moved the shrine to its current location high on the caldera rim and rebuilt the temple. Having overcome disaster and been rebuilt by the people, this temple stands as a symbol of the unyielding faith of the Balinese and their spirit of living in harmony with nature.
History: Relocation and Rebirth After the Eruption
The 1926 eruption completely buried the old village of Batur at the mountain's base under lava. However, legend holds that the most sacred 11-tiered Meru shrine was miraculously spared, as the lava flow seemed to divert around it at the last moment. The villagers saw this as a divine sign. They carefully dismantled the sacred shrine, carried it up to the caldera rim, and rebuilt their temple along with their village. This story is a crucial part of Balinese oral history, demonstrating both a deep reverence for nature's terrifying power and a faith strong enough to overcome it.
Faith: The Lake Goddess Dewi Danu
Goddess Dewi Danu is believed to be a powerful and benevolent deity who resides in Lake Batur, bringing fertility and prosperity to the entire island through the water that flows from it. Subak (water irrigation cooperatives) throughout Bali regard this temple as the headwaters of their system. During planting seasons and major festivals, representatives visit to participate in ceremonies, offering thanks for the blessing of water and praying for a good harvest. This temple is the heart of a faith network centered on water, which is essential to Balinese life and agriculture.
Architecture: Black Lava and Chinese Cultural Influence
The current temple is a vast complex, a congregation of nine different temples featuring over 285 shrines and pavilions. Black volcanic stone quarried from Mount Batur is used extensively as a building material, giving the temple a solemn and powerful appearance as it stands amidst the highland mist. Furthermore, the design of several shrines shows the influence of Chinese culture, brought to Bali through ancient trade. This demonstrates how Balinese Hindu culture has flexibly absorbed external cultures while undergoing its own unique development.
Highlights (What to Check Out!)
Unfortunately, the relocated 11-tiered Meru, the most important sanctuary, is off-limits to non-worshippers. However, its magnificent form is overwhelming even when viewed from the outside. The temple grounds are expansive, and it's fascinating just to wander around observing the shrines dedicated to different deities. From the highest point in the temple, you can get a sweeping panoramic view of the majestic caldera, encompassing both Mount Batur and Lake Batur. The weather in the highlands changes quickly and it can be chilly in the mornings and evenings, so it's wise to bring warm clothing.
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